I'm getting the same error message when installing Oracle Client 12c x86 on a new windows 10 1703 build
(Sidenote: Also the same 0xc0000142 error message happens on 11g for Win10 1703 and all Oracle Client silent installs works great on Win10 1607 and before)
After a lot of testing. Looks like Oracle Client Silent install command has issues with Windows 10 1703. (I'm using a golden image of Win10 1703 to test, with no other software being installed)
I did track down the Install_Actions logs located in C:\Users\%Profile%\AppData\Local\Temp\OraInstall*DATE;TIME*\InstallActions*DATE;TIME*.log. The last log states
"
The commandline for unzip:
C:\client32\install\unzip -qqqo ..\stage\Components\oracle.jdk\1.6.0.75.0\1\DataFiles/"*.jar" -d "C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\OraInstall2017-06-05_01-02-51PM"
"
It looks to stops when trying to unzip JDK 1.6.0.75.0