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Clarification of the term "database" in the documentation

Eslam_ElbyalyAug 22 2020 — edited Aug 24 2020

Hi, I am struggling to understand what is meant by "database" in the documentation. It's mentioned in many places and I can not figure out which meaning it refers to. Does it refer to i.e a container pluggable database in a multitenant architecture or does it refer to all files resulted from the installation of oracle database software i.e that is downloaded from Oracle website? All the following quotes is in the following link,

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/18/cncpt/introduction-to-oracle-database.html

For example,

An Oracle database server consists of a database and at least one database instance,

Database

A database is a set of files, located on disk, that store data.

Although in the strict sense an Oracle database is a set of physical structures (files and memory structures),

How is "memory structures" considered physical?

A database can be considered from both a physical and logical perspective.

Every Oracle database has a control file.

Added:

An Oracle database uses memory structures and processes to manage and access the database.

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Added on Aug 22 2020
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